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“明月松间照,清泉石上流。”全诗赏析
作者: 发布日期:2020-04-19 点击数:232
  “明月松间照,清泉石上流。”出自唐代诗人王维的《山居秋暝》
山居秋暝
作者:王维 年代:唐
空山新雨后,天气晚来秋。
明月松间照,清泉石上流。
竹喧归浣女,莲动下渔舟。
随意春芳歇,王孙自可留。
赏析:诗中将空山雨后的秋凉,松间明月的光照,石上清泉的声音以及浣女归来竹林中的喧笑声,鱼船穿过荷花的动态,和谐完美地融合在一起,给人一种丰富新鲜的感受。它像一幅清新秀丽的山水画,又像一支恬静优美的抒情乐曲,体现了诗人诗中有画的创作特点。
这首诗写出了清新、幽静、恬淡、优美的山中秋季的黄昏美景。王维所居辋川别墅在终南山下,故称山居。一场秋雨过后,秋山如洗,清爽宜人。时近黄昏,日落月出,松林静而溪水清,浣女归而渔舟从。如此清秋佳景,风雅情趣,自可令王孙公子流连陶醉,忘怀世事。此诗以一”空”字领起,格韵高洁,为全诗定下一个空灵澄净的基调。全诗动静结合,相辅相成,相得益彰。月照松林是静态,清泉流溢是动态。前四句写秋山晚景之幽静,五六句写浣女渔舟之喧哗。诗之四联分别写感觉、视觉、听觉、感受,因象得趣,因景生情。反衬了当今社会官臣惰,贪,写出诗人自己的高尚情操,写出那无忧无虑,表达了作者十分向往这种生活。也表达了作者崇尚恬静淡泊的田园生活,不愿同流合污,洁身自好的人生态度。还有一点值得注意:古代文人多借清秋而写悲伤之意,此诗则属乐秋之佳作。《增订评注唐诗正声》郭云:”色韵清绝。”《唐诗解》:”雅兴淡中有致趣。”《唐诗矩》:”右丞本从工丽入,晚岁加以平淡,遂到天成。”《唐诗合选详解》王云翼云:”前是写山居秋暝之景,后入事言情,而不欲仕宦之意可见。”
这首山水名篇,于诗情画意之中寄托着诗人高洁的情怀和对理想境界的追求。诗的中间两联同是写景,而各有侧重。颔联侧重写物,以物芳而明志洁;颈联侧重写人,以人和而望政通。同时,二者又互为补充,泉水、青松、翠竹、青莲,可以说都是诗人高尚情操的写照,都是诗人理想境界的环境烘托。
既然诗人是那样地高洁,而他在那貌似“空山”之中又找到了一个称心的世外桃源,所以就情不自禁地说:“随意春芳歇,王孙自可留!”本来,《楚辞·招隐士》说:“王孙兮归来,山中兮不可久留!”诗人的体会恰好相反,他觉得“山中”比“朝中” 好,洁净纯朴,可以远离官场而洁身自好,所以就决然归隐了。
这首诗一个重要的艺术手法,是以自然美来表现诗人的人格美和一种理想中的社会之美。表面看来,这首诗只是用“赋”的方法模山范水,对景物作细致感人的刻画,实际上通篇都是比兴。诗人通过对山水的描绘寄慨言志,含蕴丰富,耐人寻味。 王维的人生大志也隐藏在字里行间。
中心:写清幽安闲之境,表达了是人顺应天性,恬然自适。



有才子曰:诗词赏析:“明月松间照,清泉石上流。”全诗赏析

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