搜索
当前位置:首页 > 诗路花雨
李德裕《登崖州城作》
作者: 发布日期:2020-04-19 点击数:227
  登崖州城作
李德裕
独上高楼望帝京, 鸟飞犹是半年程。
青山似欲留人住, 百匝千遭绕郡城。
李德裕是杰出的政治家,武宗李炎朝任宰相,在短短的秉政六年中,外攘回纥,内平泽潞,扭转了长期以来唐王朝积弱不振的混乱局面。可惜宣宗李忱继位之后,政局发生变化,白敏中、令狐绹当国,一反会昌时李德裕所推行的政令。他们排除异己,嫉贤害能,无所不用其极;而李德裕则更成为与他们势不两立的打击、陷害的主要对象。其初外出为荆南节度使;不久,改为东都留守;接着左迁太子少保,分司东都;再贬潮州司马;最后,终于将他窜逐到海南,贬为崖州司户参军。这诗便是在崖州时所作。
这首诗,同柳宗元的《与浩初上人同看山寄京华亲故》颇有相似之处:都是篇幅短小的七言绝句,作者都是迁谪失意的人,写的同样是以山作为描写的背景。然而,它们所反映的诗人的心情却不同,表现手法及其意境、风格也是迥然各别的。
作为身系安危的重臣元老李德裕,即使处于炎海穷边之地,他那眷怀故国之情,仍然锲而不舍。王谠《唐语林》卷七云:“李卫公在珠崖郡,北亭谓之望阙亭。公每登临,未尝不北睇悲哽。题诗云……”他登临北睇,主要不是为了怀念乡土,而是出于政治的向往与感伤。“独上高楼望帝京”,诗一开头,这种心情便昭然若揭;因而全诗所抒之情,和柳诗之“望故乡”是有所区别的。“鸟飞犹是半年程”,极言去京遥远。这种艺术上的夸张,其中含有浓厚的抒情因素。人哪能象鸟那样自由地快速地飞翔!可是即使是鸟吧,也要半年才能飞到。这里,深深透露了依恋君国之情,和屈原在《哀郢》里说的“哀故都之日远”,同一用意。
再说,虽然同在迁谪之中,李德裕的处境和柳宗元也是不相同的。
柳宗元之在柳州,毕竟还是一个地区的行政长官,只不过因为他曾经是王叔文的党羽,弃置边陲,不加重用而已。他思归不得,但北归的这种可能性还是有的;否则他就不会乞援于“京华亲故”了。而李德裕之在崖州,则是白敏中、令狐绹等人必欲置之死地而后快所采取的一个决定性的步骤。在残酷无情的派系斗争中,他是失败一方的首领。那时,他已落入政敌所布置的弥天罗网之中。历史的经验,现实的遭遇,使他清醒地意识到自己必然会贬死在这南荒之地,断无生还之理。沉重的阴影压在他的心头,于是在登临看山时,着眼点便在于山的重叠阻深。“青山似欲留人住,百匝千遭绕郡城。”这“百匝千遭”的绕郡群山,不正成为四面环伺、重重包围的敌对势力的象征吗?人到极端困难、极端危险的时刻,由于一切希望已经断绝,对可能发生的任何不幸,思想上都有了准备,心情往往反而会平静下来。不诅咒这可恶的穷山僻岭,不说人被山所阻隔,却说“山欲留人”,正是“事到艰难意转平”的变态心理的反映。
诗中只说“望帝京”,只说这“望帝京”的“高楼”远在群山环绕的天涯海角,通篇到底,并没有抒写政治的愤慨,迁谪的哀愁,语气是优游不迫,舒缓而宁静的。然而正是在这优游不迫、舒缓宁静的语气之中,包孕着无限的忧郁与感伤。它的情调是深沉而悲凉的。
(马茂元)



有才子曰:诗词赏析:李德裕《登崖州城作》

主页 栏目 发现 阅读 我的
基本 文件 流程 错误 SQL 调试
  1. 请求信息 : 2026-04-28 16:56:51 HTTP/1.1 GET : http://www.caiziyue.com/index/mnews/article.html?id=11519
  2. 运行时间 : 0.155715s [ 吞吐率:6.42req/s ] 内存消耗:4,643.47kb 文件加载:150
  3. 缓存信息 : 0 reads,0 writes
  4. 会话信息 : SESSION_ID=0b95d75fbf056ca1cadf96fabd22e710
  1. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/index.php ( 0.79 KB )
  2. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/autoload.php ( 0.73 KB )
  3. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/composer/autoload_real.php ( 1.63 KB )
  4. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/composer/platform_check.php ( 0.90 KB )
  5. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/composer/ClassLoader.php ( 15.99 KB )
  6. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/composer/autoload_static.php ( 5.14 KB )
  7. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/helper.php ( 8.34 KB )
  8. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-validate/src/helper.php ( 2.19 KB )
  9. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/helper.php ( 1.47 KB )
  10. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/stubs/load_stubs.php ( 0.16 KB )
  11. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Exception.php ( 1.69 KB )
  12. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-container/src/Facade.php ( 2.71 KB )
  13. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/symfony/deprecation-contracts/function.php ( 0.99 KB )
  14. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/symfony/polyfill-mbstring/bootstrap.php ( 8.26 KB )
  15. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/symfony/polyfill-mbstring/bootstrap80.php ( 9.78 KB )
  16. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/symfony/var-dumper/Resources/functions/dump.php ( 1.60 KB )
  17. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-captcha/src/helper.php ( 1.37 KB )
  18. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-dumper/src/helper.php ( 0.18 KB )
  19. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/symfony/var-dumper/VarDumper.php ( 3.96 KB )
  20. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/App.php ( 15.30 KB )
  21. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-container/src/Container.php ( 15.76 KB )
  22. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/psr/container/src/ContainerInterface.php ( 1.02 KB )
  23. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/app/provider.php ( 0.19 KB )
  24. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Http.php ( 6.04 KB )
  25. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/helper/Str.php ( 7.29 KB )
  26. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Env.php ( 4.68 KB )
  27. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/app/common.php ( 17.22 KB )
  28. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/helper.php ( 18.78 KB )
  29. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Config.php ( 5.54 KB )
  30. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/app.php ( 0.95 KB )
  31. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/cache.php ( 0.78 KB )
  32. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/captcha.php ( 1.13 KB )
  33. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/console.php ( 0.23 KB )
  34. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/cookie.php ( 0.56 KB )
  35. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/database.php ( 2.18 KB )
  36. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/facade/Env.php ( 1.67 KB )
  37. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/filesystem.php ( 0.63 KB )
  38. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/lang.php ( 0.91 KB )
  39. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/log.php ( 1.35 KB )
  40. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/middleware.php ( 0.34 KB )
  41. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/route.php ( 1.89 KB )
  42. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/session.php ( 0.57 KB )
  43. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/trace.php ( 0.34 KB )
  44. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/config/view.php ( 0.82 KB )
  45. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/app/event.php ( 0.25 KB )
  46. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Event.php ( 7.67 KB )
  47. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/app/service.php ( 0.13 KB )
  48. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/app/AppService.php ( 0.26 KB )
  49. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Service.php ( 1.64 KB )
  50. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Lang.php ( 7.35 KB )
  51. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/lang/zh-cn.php ( 13.70 KB )
  52. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/initializer/Error.php ( 3.31 KB )
  53. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/initializer/RegisterService.php ( 1.33 KB )
  54. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/services.php ( 0.21 KB )
  55. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/service/PaginatorService.php ( 1.52 KB )
  56. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/service/ValidateService.php ( 0.99 KB )
  57. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/service/ModelService.php ( 2.04 KB )
  58. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-captcha/src/CaptchaService.php ( 0.52 KB )
  59. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-multi-app/src/Service.php ( 1.08 KB )
  60. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/Service.php ( 0.77 KB )
  61. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Middleware.php ( 6.72 KB )
  62. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/initializer/BootService.php ( 0.77 KB )
  63. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/Paginator.php ( 11.86 KB )
  64. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-validate/src/Validate.php ( 63.20 KB )
  65. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/Model.php ( 23.55 KB )
  66. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/Attribute.php ( 21.05 KB )
  67. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/AutoWriteData.php ( 4.21 KB )
  68. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/Conversion.php ( 6.44 KB )
  69. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/DbConnect.php ( 5.16 KB )
  70. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/ModelEvent.php ( 2.33 KB )
  71. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/concern/RelationShip.php ( 28.29 KB )
  72. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/contract/Arrayable.php ( 0.09 KB )
  73. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/contract/Jsonable.php ( 0.13 KB )
  74. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/model/contract/Modelable.php ( 0.09 KB )
  75. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Db.php ( 2.88 KB )
  76. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/DbManager.php ( 8.52 KB )
  77. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Log.php ( 6.28 KB )
  78. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Manager.php ( 3.92 KB )
  79. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/psr/log/src/LoggerTrait.php ( 2.69 KB )
  80. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/psr/log/src/LoggerInterface.php ( 2.71 KB )
  81. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Cache.php ( 4.92 KB )
  82. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/psr/simple-cache/src/CacheInterface.php ( 4.71 KB )
  83. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/helper/Arr.php ( 16.63 KB )
  84. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/cache/driver/File.php ( 7.84 KB )
  85. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/cache/Driver.php ( 9.03 KB )
  86. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/contract/CacheHandlerInterface.php ( 1.99 KB )
  87. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Console.php ( 22.89 KB )
  88. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/app/Request.php ( 0.09 KB )
  89. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Request.php ( 55.78 KB )
  90. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/app/middleware.php ( 0.25 KB )
  91. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Pipeline.php ( 2.61 KB )
  92. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/middleware/SessionInit.php ( 1.94 KB )
  93. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Session.php ( 1.80 KB )
  94. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/session/driver/File.php ( 6.27 KB )
  95. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/contract/SessionHandlerInterface.php ( 0.87 KB )
  96. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/session/Store.php ( 7.12 KB )
  97. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/TraceDebug.php ( 3.40 KB )
  98. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-multi-app/src/MultiApp.php ( 7.06 KB )
  99. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Route.php ( 23.73 KB )
  100. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/RuleName.php ( 5.75 KB )
  101. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/Domain.php ( 2.53 KB )
  102. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/RuleGroup.php ( 22.43 KB )
  103. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/Rule.php ( 26.95 KB )
  104. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/RuleItem.php ( 9.78 KB )
  105. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/dispatch/Controller.php ( 4.74 KB )
  106. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/Dispatch.php ( 10.44 KB )
  107. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/app/index/controller/Mnews.php ( 20.48 KB )
  108. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/app/index/controller/Base.php ( 5.14 KB )
  109. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/app/BaseController.php ( 2.03 KB )
  110. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/facade/Request.php ( 9.20 KB )
  111. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/facade/View.php ( 1.70 KB )
  112. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/View.php ( 4.39 KB )
  113. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/facade/Cookie.php ( 1.48 KB )
  114. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Cookie.php ( 6.06 KB )
  115. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/facade/Db.php ( 0.93 KB )
  116. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/connector/Mysql.php ( 5.44 KB )
  117. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/PDOConnection.php ( 52.47 KB )
  118. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/Connection.php ( 8.39 KB )
  119. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/ConnectionInterface.php ( 4.57 KB )
  120. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/builder/Mysql.php ( 16.58 KB )
  121. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/Builder.php ( 24.06 KB )
  122. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/BaseBuilder.php ( 27.50 KB )
  123. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/Query.php ( 15.71 KB )
  124. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/BaseQuery.php ( 45.13 KB )
  125. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/TimeFieldQuery.php ( 7.43 KB )
  126. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/AggregateQuery.php ( 3.26 KB )
  127. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/ModelRelationQuery.php ( 20.07 KB )
  128. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/ParamsBind.php ( 3.66 KB )
  129. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/ResultOperation.php ( 7.01 KB )
  130. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/WhereQuery.php ( 19.37 KB )
  131. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/JoinAndViewQuery.php ( 7.11 KB )
  132. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/TableFieldInfo.php ( 2.63 KB )
  133. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-orm/src/db/concern/Transaction.php ( 2.77 KB )
  134. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/log/driver/File.php ( 5.96 KB )
  135. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/contract/LogHandlerInterface.php ( 0.86 KB )
  136. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/log/Channel.php ( 3.89 KB )
  137. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/event/LogRecord.php ( 1.02 KB )
  138. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-helper/src/Collection.php ( 16.47 KB )
  139. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/Response.php ( 8.81 KB )
  140. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/response/View.php ( 3.29 KB )
  141. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-view/src/Think.php ( 8.38 KB )
  142. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/contract/TemplateHandlerInterface.php ( 1.60 KB )
  143. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/Template.php ( 46.61 KB )
  144. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/template/driver/File.php ( 2.41 KB )
  145. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/template/contract/DriverInterface.php ( 0.86 KB )
  146. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/runtime/index/temp/a32b58c6886ab785ddfef4e22cc56e84.php ( 42.64 KB )
  147. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/facade/Route.php ( 4.70 KB )
  148. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-multi-app/src/Url.php ( 7.52 KB )
  149. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/Url.php ( 14.07 KB )
  150. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/Html.php ( 4.42 KB )
  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.002182s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=www_caiziyue_com;charset=utf8
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_styles` [ RunTime:0.001231s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `qing_styles` WHERE `etitle` = 'head' LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001340s ]
  4. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_site_styles` [ RunTime:0.001545s ]
  5. SELECT * FROM `qing_site_styles` WHERE `id` = 1 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000326s ]
  6. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_category` [ RunTime:0.000448s ]
  7. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 0 AND `catetype` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000312s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002002s ]
  9. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 77 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001939s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 89 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000343s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 95 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000312s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000317s ]
  13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.000393s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.000239s ]
  15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.000520s ]
  16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 11519 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000371s ]
  17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.000499s ]
  18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000473s ]
  19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 228 WHERE `id` = 11519 [ RunTime:0.002008s ]
  20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 80 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000265s ]
  21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000292s ]
0.163958s