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诗词赏析:南湖秋水夜无烟的下一句
作者: 发布日期:2020-04-15 点击数:186
 南湖秋水夜无烟的下一句是什么?

南湖秋水夜无烟的下一句:耐可乘流直上天?

  《陪族叔刑部侍郎晔及中书贾舍人至游洞庭》

  李白

  洞庭西望楚江分,水尽南天不见云。

  日落长沙秋色远,不知何处吊湘君。

  南湖秋水夜无烟,耐可乘流直上天。

  且就洞庭赊月色,将船买酒白云边。

  洛阳才子谪湘川,元礼同舟月下仙。

  记得长安还欲笑,不知何处是西天。

  洞庭湖西秋月辉,潇湘江北早鸿飞。

  醉客满船歌白苎,不知霜露入秋衣。

  帝子潇湘去不还,空馀秋草洞庭间。

  淡扫明湖开玉镜,丹青画出是君山。

  赏析

  肃宗乾元二年(759)秋,刑部侍郎李晔贬官岭南,行经岳州(今湖南岳阳),与诗人李白相遇,时贾至亦谪居岳州,三人相约同游洞庭湖,李白写下一组五首的七绝记其事。这是其中第二首,它内涵丰富,妙机四溢,有悠悠不尽的情韵。

  首句写景,兼点季节与泛舟洞庭事。洞庭在岳州西南,故可称“南湖”。唐人喜咏洞庭,佳句累累,美不胜收。“南湖秋水夜无烟”一句,看来没有具体精细的描绘,却是天然去雕饰的淡语,惹人联想。夜来湖上,烟之有无,其谁能察?能见“无烟”,则湖上光明可知,未尝写月,而已得“月色”,极妙。清秋佳节,月照南湖,境界澄沏如画,读者如闭目可接,足使人心旷神怡。这种具有形象暗示作用的诗语,淡而有味,其中佳处,又为具体模写所难到。

  在被月色净化了的境界里,最易使人忘怀尘世一切琐屑的得失之情而浮想联翩。湖光月色此刻便激起“谪仙”李白羽化遗世之想,所以次句道:安得(“耐可”)乘流而直上青天!传说天河通海,故有此想。诗人天真的异想,又间接告诉读者月景的迷人。

  诗人并没有就此上天,后两句写泛舟湖上赏月饮酒之乐。“且就”二字意味深长,似乎表明,虽未上天,却并非青天不可上,也并非自己不愿上,而是洞庭月色太美,不如暂且留下来。其措意亦妙。苏东坡《水调歌头》“我欲乘风归去,惟恐琼楼玉宇,高处不胜寒。起舞弄清影,何似在人间”数句,意境与之近似。

  湖面清风,湖上明月,自然美景,人所共适,故李白曾说“清风朗月不用一钱买”(《襄阳歌》)。说“不用一钱买”,是三句“赊”字最恰当的注脚,还不能尽此字之妙。此字之用似甚无理,“月色”岂能“赊”?又岂用“赊”?然而著此一字,就将自然人格化。八百里洞庭俨然一位富有的主人,拥有湖光、山景、月色、清风等等无价之宝(只言“赊月色”,却不妨举一反三),而又十分慷慨好客,不吝借与。著一“赊”字,人与自然有了娓娓对话,十分亲切。这种别出心裁的拟人化手法,是高人一筹的。作者《送韩侍御之广德》也有“暂就东山赊月色,酣歌一夜送渊明”之句,亦用“赊月色”词语,可以互参。面对风清月白的良宵不可无酒,自然引出末句。明明在湖上,却说“将船买酒白云边”,亦无理而可玩味。原来洞庭湖面辽阔,水天相接,遥看湖畔酒家自在白云生处。说“买酒白云边”,足见湖面之壮阔。同时又与“直上天”的异想呼应,人间酒家被诗人的想象移到天上。这即景之句又充满奇情异趣,丰富了全诗的情韵。

  总的说来,此诗之妙不在景物具体描绘的工致,而在于即景发兴,艺术想象奇特,铸词造语独到,能启人逸思,通篇有味而不可句摘,恰如谢榛所说:“以兴为主,浑然成篇,此诗之入化也”(《四溟诗话》)。

  这两句的意思是长沙城在秋日的黄昏下更显得落寞孤寂,作者不远万里来到洞庭湖旁边不知湘君墓在何处想去悼念一下。

  并非真的想去吊湘君而觅其处所,仅是抒发缅怀古人之情而已。



有才子曰:诗词赏析:南湖秋水夜无烟的下一句

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  9. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 77 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000258s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 89 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000276s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 95 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000249s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000242s ]
  13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.000312s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.000202s ]
  15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.000418s ]
  16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 6051 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000329s ]
  17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.000351s ]
  18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000241s ]
  19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 187 WHERE `id` = 6051 [ RunTime:0.001973s ]
  20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 80 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000230s ]
  21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000254s ]
0.077006s