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琵琶起舞换新声,总是关山旧别情的意思
作者: 发布日期:2020-04-15 点击数:207
  琵琶起舞换新声,总是关山旧别情的意思

  弹起琵琶跳起舞,乐曲已换成新制的调子,只是这新调所唱依然是旧时关山难度的离别之情。

  《从军行·琵琶起舞换新声》其二

  王昌龄

  琵琶起舞换新声, 总是关山旧别情。

  撩乱边愁听不尽, 高高秋月照长城。

  赏析

  此诗只抓住边塞军旅生活的一个片断,透过军中饮宴一个镜头,跌宕起伏地表现出当时边塞军士生活的枯燥乏味和思想的苦闷无聊,也使征戍者的深沉、复杂的感情跃然活现。

  “大漠孤烟直,长河落日圆。”是令人陶醉的千古绝唱,然而在久戍边关的军士眼中,又是使人厌倦而单调的景象。天天都是那连绵不断的乱山、长城,白天与“大漠”、“落日”为伴,晚上又是“寒光照铁衣”的荒野。即使军中作乐,通宵尽欢,乐声嘹亮,也难以消除军士们积郁内心的惆怅。

  “琵琶起舞换新声”。琵琶不断奏出新的曲调,随着旋律的变化,人们翩翩起舞。琵琶是富于边地色彩的乐器,而军中作乐,离不开胡琴、羌笛和琵琶的伴奏,这些乐器,对戍边者来说,带有异域的情调和征战的音律,易唤起战士们强烈的感触。既然是“换新声”,应该给人以新的感受,带来新的欢乐吧。然而“总是关山旧别情”。“总是”二字,转折得有力,巧妙。此句的“旧”与上句的“新”二字相承应,意味无穷。“新声”与“旧别情”互相影射,形成诗意的波折,造成抑扬顿挫的音情,尤显出“意调的酸楚”,边愁的深重。征戍者离乡背井,因此,“别情”是军中最普遍、最深沉的感情。尽管曲调花样翻新,而唤起的“总是”人们的离愁别绪。《乐府古题要解》云:“《关山月》,伤离也。”句中“关山”二字,双关《关山月》曲调,含意颇深。

  “撩乱边愁听不尽”。尽管撩起了纷乱的边愁,却总也听不尽。这是诗中又一次波澜,又一次音情的抑扬。“听不尽”三字,含蓄有致,感情复杂,意味深长,只要边患未除,就依然弹下去,听下去,所以“边愁”既是思归的哀愁,又何尝不含有的意味呢?

  “高高秋月照长城”既是写景,又是抒情。诗人轻轻宕开一笔,“景中含情,更惨”,以景结情。仿佛在军中置酒饮乐的场面之后,忽然出现一个月照长城的莽莽苍苍的景象:古老雄伟的长城绵亘起伏,秋月高照,景象壮阔而悲凉。对此,会生出什么感想?是无限的乡愁,是立功边塞的雄心和对于现实的优怨,也许,还应加上对于祖国山川风物的深沉的爱,等等。一个渺茫而悲凉的境界。在前三句中的感情细流一波三折地发展后,到此却汇成一湾深沉的流水,荡漾回旋。“秋月照长城”,为全篇情感之凝结处。这时离情入景,奇想层出,使诗情得以升华。正因为情不可尽,诗人“以不尽尽之”,“思入微茫,似脱实粘”,将征戍者复杂的内心世界和丰富的思想感情表达得入木三分。此诗被誉为“诗之最上乘也”,除音情曲折外,也得益于这绝处生姿的一笔。

  仅二十八字的绝句,却展现了一幅广阔而生动的画面,而且包含极其丰富的内涵。新的声,旧的情,撩乱的旋律,婆娑的舞姿,天上的秋月,脚下的长城。既有动作,又有声响,还有那色彩斑斓的边塞景色。这一切,都交织在边将士卒们复杂的、撩乱的、萧索的、延绵无尽的离情思乡之感中了。

  译文

  琵琶所奏的音乐已经换了新的了,但是思乡之情却一直都没有变,缭乱的边关愁绪无数倾诉,总也听不完,只有那秋月高高在上照耀着长城,此景亘古不变。



有才子曰:诗词赏析:琵琶起舞换新声,总是关山旧别情的意思

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  12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000260s ]
  13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.000335s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.000206s ]
  15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.000466s ]
  16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 6583 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000353s ]
  17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.000349s ]
  18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000230s ]
  19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 208 WHERE `id` = 6583 [ RunTime:0.001597s ]
  20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 80 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000240s ]
  21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000246s ]
0.074204s