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韩愈《闻梨花发赠刘师命》闻道郭西千树雪 欲将君去醉如何
作者:韩愈 发布日期:2023-09-21 点击数:3306

 

闻梨花发赠刘师命
韩愈〔唐代〕


桃蹊惆怅不能过,红艳纷纷落地多。
闻道郭西千树雪,欲将君去醉如何。


《闻梨花发赠刘师命》是唐代文学家韩愈创作的一首七言绝句。此诗前两句写桃花凋落铺满了树下的路,不忍践踏不能观赏,充满了遗憾;后两句写闻知城西梨花盛开,欲与友人相偕前往花下同醉。此诗先写惜花,再写友情,以惜花托友情,将梨花比作积雪,写出梨花盛开时的洁白、繁盛之貌,其目的是形象地表现春天千树梨花怒放的美丽景象。全诗景美情真,飘逸洒脱,是韩诗短章中的佳制。

名家点评

清代朱彝尊:“逸兴飘然。”(《传世藏书》第三十三卷)

译文及注释

译文


让人惆怅啊,桃树下落花成路不能观赏,很多的红色花瓣纷纷扬扬地飘落到地上。
听说城垣西边千树万树梨花开得像白雪遍地,想与您一同去醉中赏花,意下如何?

注释

刘师命:名字事迹未详。据《刘生诗》,知他少年磊落不羁,长期漫游梁宋、江淮、吴越等地,投韩愈,为韩门子弟。
桃蹊:桃树下踩成的路。《史记·李将军列传》:“桃李不言,下自成蹊。”蹊,小路。惆怅:忧郁不前。过:相访。此指前往观赏。
红艳:以花色代花瓣。
闻道:听说。郭:城垣。千树雪:梨花色洁白似雪。此指梨花盛开貌。
将:偕同。


创作背景

  根据《刘生》诗“阳山穷邑惟猿猴,手持钓竿远相投”和《梨花下赠刘师命》诗“今日相逢瘴海头,共惊烂漫开正月”句推断,刘师命于唐德宗贞元二十一年(805年)春来到阳山,与韩愈于相聚,此《闻梨花发赠刘师命》诗当作于此时。据方成珪《昌黎先生诗文年谱》,此诗为永贞元年(即贞元二十一年)春在阳山作。


赏析

  《闻梨花发赠刘师命》这首诗先写惜花,再写友情,以惜花托友情。可与韩愈写于几乎同时的另一首诗《梨花下赠刘师命》互相参看。

  前两句“桃蹊惆怅不能过,红艳纷纷落地多”写桃花凋落,铺满了树下的路,因此不能观赏,充满了遗憾。“惆怅”写出了因花落满地而不忍践踏的忧郁。后两句说:“闻道郭西千树雪,欲将君去醉如何。”闻知城西梨花盛开,欲相偕前往花下同醉。桃落梨开,以第三句梨花盛开,转出结句,笃情全出。桃花红梨花白,争奇斗艳;朋友远道而来,千载难逢,不能不一醉方休。诗中梨花是本体,雪是喻体,诗人将梨花比作积雪,写出梨花盛开时的洁白、繁盛之貌,其目的是形象地表现春天千树梨花怒放的美丽景象。

  诗中次句“红艳纷纷落地多”以“红艳”花色代花瓣,构想奇妙。全诗景美情真,飘逸洒脱,是韩诗短章中的佳制。▲

韩愈

韩愈(768年-824年12月25日),字退之,河南河阳(今河南省孟州市)人,自称“祖籍昌黎郡”,世称“韩昌黎”、“昌黎先生”。唐代中期大臣,文学家、思想家、政治家,秘书郎韩仲卿之子。元和十二年(817年),出任宰相裴度行军司马,从平“淮西之乱”。直言谏迎佛骨,贬为潮州刺史。宦海沉浮,累迁吏部侍郎,人称“韩吏部”。长庆四年(824年),韩愈病逝,年五十七,追赠礼部尚书,谥号为“文”,故称“韩文公”。元丰元年(1078年),追封昌黎郡伯,并从祀孔庙。韩愈作为唐代古文运动的倡导者,名列“唐宋八大家”之首,有“文章巨公”和“百代文宗”之名。与柳宗元并称“韩柳”,与柳宗元、欧阳修和苏轼并称“千古文章四大家”。倡导“文道合一”、“气盛言宜”、“务去陈言”、“文从字顺”等写作理论,对后人具有指导意义。著有《韩昌黎集》等。

 



有才子曰:韩愈《闻梨花发赠刘师命》闻道郭西千树雪 欲将君去醉如何

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  7. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 0 AND `catetype` = 0 [ RunTime:0.005959s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.003169s ]
  9. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 77 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.004973s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 89 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.009772s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 95 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.004018s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002898s ]
  13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.005653s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.002585s ]
  15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.004949s ]
  16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 851 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.018397s ]
  17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.003692s ]
  18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.004085s ]
  19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 3307 WHERE `id` = 851 [ RunTime:0.006793s ]
  20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 79 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.005482s ]
  21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.012371s ]
0.980787s