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行香子;李清照
作者: 发布日期:2020-04-17 点击数:157
  《行香子 》

  作者 :李清照

  原文

  草际鸣蛩,惊落梧桐,

  正人间、天上愁浓。

  云阶月地,关锁千重。

  纵浮槎来,浮槎去,不相逢。

  星桥鹊驾,经年才见,

  想离情、别恨难穷。

  牵牛织女,莫是离中。

  甚霎儿晴,霎儿雨,霎儿风。

  注释

  1、蛩:这里指蟋蟀。

  2、梧桐:从立秋起开始落叶。故称:“一叶知秋”的树木。

  3、云阶月地:云做阶梯月做地。

  4、关锁:关卡封锁。

  5、重:《花草粹编》作“里”。

  6、槎:即木筏。

  7、星桥鹊架:传说每年农历七月七日晚,有喜鹊在星河中搭桥,牛即织女相会一次。

  8、莫是:莫非是,难道是。

  9、霎会:一会儿。

  赏析

  这首双调小令,以托事言情的手法,通过对牛郎织女悲剧故事的描述,形象地表达了词人郁积于内的离愁别恨。

  “草际鸣蛩,惊落梧桐”,词首从人间的七夕着笔,写周围环境的沉寂和抒发主人公孤独痛苦的心情。词人巧妙地运用了以动写静的手法,大兴夸张之笔,说那几张飘然落地的梧桐老叶是。呜蛩”所“惊落”,极写出万籁俱静的环境特点,烘托了词人内心孤寂凄怆的心情,引出了“正人间。天上愁浓”的联想,把自己的心境与牛郎织女的离愁紧紧地编织在一起,成为所托之事与所言之情的纽带。下面写牛郎织女的故事:“云阶月地,关锁千重。”描写牛郎,织女远隔云阶月地、莽莽星河不得相见的痛苦,正抒发了自己与丈夫身在异地,心相牵系的离愁;描写牛郎、织女鹊桥相会,瞬息离散的苦难,正倾吐了自己与丈夫远隔千里、不得欢聚的别恨。正所谓:“纵浮搓来,浮槎去,不相逢。”整个上片由人间写到天上,于叙述中旬旬含情,句句扣紧着词人的感情脉搏。最后,在下片词人的感情已经完全化他为我,将自己夫妻的境况与牛郎、织女的境况融合为一,因此,她从现实自我处境出发,展开了奇特的联想:“星桥鹊驾,经年才见,想离情别恨难穷。”天宇间风雨变幻莫测,鹊桥或许还未搭就,牵牛织女或许现在还是在离别之中未能相聚吧?这种推测联想,完全是移情的结果,含蓄婉转地抒写了人间七夕夫妻不得相见的难言苦衷。

  尾句写天上七夕的自然景色,与首句人间七夕之景遥相呼应:一边是风雨飘忽,阴晴不定的银河两岸,一边是蟋蟀低吟、梧桐落叶的深闺庭院,这就开创出一种清冷凄凉的氛围,有力地烘托了词人孤寂悲伧的心情。尾句“甚霎儿晴,霎儿雨,霎儿风。”成功地提炼了口语,用排句形式集中描绘了宇宙天体的瞬息万变,在创造意境上起了重要作用,同时也增添了词的音乐美。

  总的看,这首词的艺术构思十分巧妙。开头是寂静的人间七夕,结尾是风云变幻的天上七夕。全篇以描绘牛郎织女的离愁,衬出词人自身的绵绵别恨。描绘天下七夕又把自己的真情融于其中,以自己痛苦的切身感受,深切体验为天帝所责,为天河所阻的牛郎和织女的境遇。这首词鼓起想象的羽翼,翱翔于天地之间。开头,从静夜蛩鸣、梧桐叶落,想到自己身处在离恨孤寂之中;再由自身的孤寂,联想到将要相会的天上的牛郎织女的艰难处境。她为牛郎织女感叹,感叹他们为浓重的离愁所苦,纵浮槎来去,也不能相逢;她为牛郎织女忧虑,忧虑他们经年才见,见后又别,别恨难穷。最后,又遥望太空,寄情于风云变幻的天宇,希望天帝不再从中作梗,盼望牛郎织女不再有波折,顺利实现一年一度的会晤。从而,使真、善、美得到统一。这首诗词是咏七夕词中不可多得的艺术佳作。

  注:精彩文章请关注青藤作文



有才子曰:诗词赏析:行香子;李清照

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  10. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 89 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001768s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 95 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002271s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001872s ]
  13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.002879s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.001323s ]
  15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.002949s ]
  16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 9102 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001750s ]
  17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.002704s ]
  18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.002115s ]
  19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 158 WHERE `id` = 9102 [ RunTime:0.003865s ]
  20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 80 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001554s ]
  21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002125s ]
0.321314s