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      王雱《眼儿媚·杨柳丝丝弄轻柔》海棠未雨 梨花先雪
      发布日期:2024-04-07

       

      眼儿媚·杨柳丝丝弄轻柔
      王雱〔宋代〕


      杨柳丝丝弄轻柔,烟缕织成愁。海棠未雨,梨花先雪,一半春休。

      而今往事难重省,归梦绕秦楼。相思只在,丁香枝上,豆蔻梢头。


      《眼儿媚·杨柳丝丝弄轻柔》为宋代词人王雱所著。触眼前之景,怀旧日之情,此词为王雱怀念妻子所作,表现了伤离的痛苦和不尽的深思。

      译文及注释

      译文


      杨柳在风中摆动着柔软的柳丝,烟缕迷漾织进万千春愁。海棠的花瓣还未像雨点般坠,梨花的白色花瓣已经如雪花般纷纷飘落。由此知道,原来春天已经过去一半了。
      而今往事实在难以重忆,梦魂归绕你住过的闺楼。刻骨的相思如今只在那芬芳的丁香枝上,那美丽的豆蔻梢头。

      注释

      眼儿媚:词牌名,又名《秋波媚》。双调四十八字,前片三平韵,后片两平韵。
      弄轻柔:摆弄着柔软的柳丝。
      海棠三句:指春分时节。海棠常经雨开花,梨花开时似雪,故云。
      难重省:难以回忆。
      省(xǐng):明白、记忆。
      秦楼:秦穆公女弄玉与其夫萧史所居之楼。此指王雱妻独居之所。
      丁香:常绿乔木,春开紫或白花,可作香料。
      豆蔻:草本植物,春日开花。

      名家点评

      清人黄了翁:“此词亦为日月易逝而事多不偶,托闺情以写意耳。语语清新婉倩,后人争鲜斗艳,终不能及,数百年来,脱口如新。”(见《蓼园词选》)

      赏析

        这首词触眼前之景,怀旧日之情,此词为王雱怀念妻子所作,表现了伤离的痛苦和不尽的深思。

        “杨柳丝丝弄轻柔,烟缕织成愁。”上片第一句“杨柳丝丝弄轻柔”,柳条细而长,可见季节是在仲春。“弄轻柔”字写杨柳在春风中轻摇的柔美,分外点出垂柳初萌时的细软轻盈、盎然春意。以“烟缕”来形容轻柔的杨柳,大概是由于四月的时候,垂柳的顶端远远望去,宛如一抹浅绿的烟云。杨柳如烟这个比喻并不新鲜,但“烟缕织成愁”,则出语新奇,耐人寻味。如烟的垂柳和心中的愁思并没有直接的关系,却用一个“织”字将二者绾合,仿佛杨柳能通晓人性。“愁”字的出现.为整首词披上淡淡哀愁的羽衣。然而这忧伤从何而来,词人并未解释。只是在写完垂柳之后,他将笔触转向春日的另两种花朵:海棠与梨花。

        “海棠未雨,梨花先雪,一半春休。”“雨”“雪”都是名词活用作动词,这句的意思是说,海棠的花瓣还未像雨点般坠,。梨花的白色花瓣已经如雪花般纷纷飘落。由此知道,原来春天已经过去一半了。在韶华易逝的感喟中,词人不禁触目生愁。

        “而今往事难重省,归梦绕秦楼。”原来有一段值得留恋、值得追怀的往事。但是年光不能倒流,历史无法重演,旧地又不能再到,则只有凭借回归的魂梦,围绕于女子所居的值得怀念的地方了。

        “相思只在:丁香枝上,豆蔻梢头。”词人的相思之情,只有借丁香和豆蔻才能充分表达。这分明就是在感叹自己心底的深情正像丁香一般忧郁而未吐,但又是非常希望能和自己心爱的人像豆蔻一般共结连理。整个下片的意思是说,尽管一切的梦幻都已失落,然而自己内心缠绵不断的情意依然专注在那个可人身上,真是到了“春蚕到死丝方尽”的境界。▲

      创作背景

        这首词的具体创作时间不详。王雱身体虚弱缠绵病榻,于是与妻子分居,让妻子单独住在楼上。其父做主把他的妻子重新嫁给了别人,王雱因怀念妻子而为她写了这首词。

      简析

        这首词表现了词人伤离的痛苦和不尽的深思,触眼前之景以怀旧日之情。上片写春景,烘托了词人内心的愁苦之情和繁杂心绪;下片的“丁香”、“豆蔻”等物象,寄托和象征了他的爱情与相思。全词借景抒情,融情于景,情景交融,充分展现了词人的内心世界,语句婉转,情思悱恻,极具抒情意味。

      王雱

      王雱(1044-1076年),字元泽,北宋临川人(今江西省东乡县上池村人),文学家,道学、佛学学者。北宋著名政治家、思想家、文学家王安石之子。世称王安礼、王安国、王雱为“临川三王”。

       

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      2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_styles` [ RunTime:0.003815s ]
      3. SELECT * FROM `qing_styles` WHERE `etitle` = 'head' LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.002913s ]
      4. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_site_styles` [ RunTime:0.003246s ]
      5. SELECT * FROM `qing_site_styles` WHERE `id` = 1 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.002042s ]
      6. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_category` [ RunTime:0.004023s ]
      7. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 0 AND `catetype` = 0 [ RunTime:0.003148s ]
      8. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002615s ]
      9. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 77 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002095s ]
      10. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 89 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002770s ]
      11. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 95 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002010s ]
      12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.003011s ]
      13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.003383s ]
      14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.001661s ]
      15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.003184s ]
      16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 1213 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.003348s ]
      17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.004723s ]
      18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001645s ]
      19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 2452 WHERE `id` = 1213 [ RunTime:0.003685s ]
      20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 79 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.003932s ]
      21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.008293s ]
      0.428699s