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      晏几道《诉衷情·凭觞静忆去年秋》雁书不到 蝶梦无凭 漫倚高楼
      发布日期:2024-10-14

       

      诉衷情·凭觞静忆去年秋
      晏几道〔宋代〕


      凭觞静忆去年秋,桐落故溪头。诗成自写红叶,和恨寄东流。

      人脉脉,水悠悠。几多愁。雁书不到,蝶梦无凭,漫倚高楼。


      《诉衷情·凭觞静忆去 年秋》是北宋词人晏几道的作品。此词描写孤独寂寞的相思之苦。

      鉴赏

        此词描写孤独寂寞的相思之苦。开头两句,回忆去年秋天与情人在故溪头、桐树下相晤话别的情景。话别,是推断出来的,是根据下文的“恨”字说的,这恨,只能是离愁别恨。把相唔之处称作“故溪头”,也很有意思,加上一个“故”字,就把二人对年交往的情义包括进去了。接下来用“红叶题诗”的典故,是暗中把自己比喻幽闭的宫女,其孤独寂寞之情状依稀可见。过片三短句,写得很概括,但给读者留出的想象空间却很开阔。人是“漫倚高楼”,朝下面含情不语地凝望着悠悠的流水,此时此际,心中所忆、所想,所希冀、所企盼,均在不言之中。“水悠悠”之后接上“几多愁”,也许是巧合,这使读者联想到李后主的名句“问君能有几多愁,恰似一江春水向东流”。所以,三个短句的表现力是相当强的。接下来,“雁书不到,蝶梦无凭”,巧妙地天然属对,把见不到信、做不成梦的情况通过典故表达出来,这一方面可与上片的用典相呼应,避免了失之单调的弊病,另一方面,也使得词句呈现出丰满的形象性,避免了抽象地空喊孤独、空喊寂寞的弊病。最后以“漫倚高楼”作结束,交代了全词所写的“凭觞静忆”和倚楼凝望的所在之处,使得主人公的活动有了个落脚点,这也是很必要的。还有一点很有意思,全词以倚楼作结,但倚楼的行为并没有停止,词读完了,在读者的印象中,好像主人公仍然在倚楼沉思,并没有移步离开那儿。 ▲

      意境描绘:

      词的开篇即营造出一种静谧而深沉的怀旧氛围,“凭觞静忆去年秋”,词人举杯独酌,思绪飘回到去年的秋天。
      “桐落故溪头”进一步描绘了秋日景象,梧桐叶落,故溪依旧,却已物是人非,触发了词人的无限感慨。

      情感表达:

      “诗成自写红叶,和恨寄东流”一句中,词人巧妙地运用了“红叶题诗”的典故,将自己比作幽闭的宫女,孤独寂寞之情溢于言表。红叶东流,带着词人的离愁别恨,却无处寄托。
      “人脉脉,水悠悠”一句,以“脉脉”形容人的情态,以“悠悠”形容水的流动,二者相映成趣,更添几分愁绪。
      “几多愁”则直接点出了词人的情感核心,愁绪满怀,难以言表。

      艺术手法:

      词中多处运用典故,如“红叶题诗”,不仅丰富了词作的文化内涵,也增强了词作的艺术表现力。
      词句简练而富有意蕴,给读者留下了广阔的想象空间。
      情感表达含蓄而深沉,通过景物描写和典故运用,巧妙地传达了词人的相思之苦和孤独寂寞之情。

      情感升华:

      “雁书不到,蝶梦无凭”一句,词人巧妙地运用了两个典故来表达自己无法收到情人的书信和无法在梦中与情人相见的无奈与痛苦。
      最后以“漫倚高楼”作结,词人独自倚靠在高楼上,望着远方,思念之情绵绵不绝。这一场景不仅呼应了开篇的“凭觞静忆”,也使全词的情感得到了升华。

      晏几道

      晏几道(1038年—1110年),北宋著名词人。字叔原,号小山,抚州临川文港沙河(今属江西省南昌市进贤县)人。晏殊第七子。 历任颍昌府许田镇监、乾宁军通判、开封府判官等。性孤傲,中年家境中落。与其父晏殊合称“二晏”。词风似父而造诣过之。工于言情,其小令语言清丽,感情深挚,尤负盛名。表达情感直率。多写爱情生活,是婉约派的重要作家。有《小山词》留世。

       



      有才子曰:晏几道《诉衷情·凭觞静忆去年秋》雁书不到 蝶梦无凭 漫倚高楼

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      8. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000913s ]
      9. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 77 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001320s ]
      10. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 89 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000900s ]
      11. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 95 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001455s ]
      12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000822s ]
      13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.001052s ]
      14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.000962s ]
      15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.001963s ]
      16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 19095 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001058s ]
      17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.001247s ]
      18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001258s ]
      19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 805 WHERE `id` = 19095 [ RunTime:0.002602s ]
      20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 79 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000828s ]
      21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001008s ]
      0.152936s