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      袁枚《夜过借园见主人坐月下吹笛》半天凉月色 一笛酒人心
      发布日期:2024-10-22

       

      夜过借园见主人坐月下吹笛
      袁枚〔清代〕


      秋夜访秋士,先闻水上音。
      半天凉月色,一笛酒人心。

      响遏碧云近,香传红藕深。
      相逢清露下,流影湿衣襟。


      《夜过借园见主人坐月下吹笛》是清朝散文家袁枚所创的一首五言律诗。描写作者夜访友人听其吹笛的情景,表现出了作者与李晴江的深厚友谊。

      译文及注释

      译文


      在凄清冷寂的秋夜拜访借园主人,还未见其人已经听到笛声。
      悠悠笛声在冰凉如水的月色中飘荡,抒发着主人的心情。
      笛声嘹亮,仿佛阻遏了夜空中的碧云,深处的红藕的飘来阵阵幽香,好像笛声也有了香气。
      与主人在清冷的月光下相逢,久久伫立相对无语,连那衣襟都被被清凉的窗露沾湿了。

      注释

      秋士:指借园主人。
      响:指声响。
      遏:指阻止,使停止。

      赏析

        全诗四联均写景,无一句议论,无一句抒怀,但却弥漫着凄清的氛围,渗透着悲凉的情思。细细品味,如饮醇酒,回味无穷。

        首联“秋夜访秋士,先闻水上音”奠定了全诗的感情基调。 “秋夜”本已凄清冷寂,而所访者又是“秋士”,更暗寓幽怨之意。古人云:“春女怨,秋士悲”。所谓“秋士”即谓暮年不遇者,借园主人当属此类。袁枚自己虽曾步入仕途,任过县令,但因升迁无望等原因,早于七年前辞官,隐居于南京小仓山随园。两人在感情上是相通的,诗人此行“访秋士”即是以此为前提的。当诗人步入借园,首先听到的“水上音”就是笛声。这笛声作为一种听觉意象是全诗的中心意象。它是借园主人心声的流露,感情的寄托。诗在首联引出“水上音”之后,中间两联即集中笔墨对其进行描写。但诗人并没有单纯地去描写笛声,而是以视觉意象“月色”及嗅觉意象“藕香”作为陪衬烘托,使笛声意味更加丰富感人。

        颔联“半天凉月色,一笛酒人心”,乃是脍炙人口的名句。“一笛”指笛声,“酒人”指微醺的借园主人,他在借酒消愁之后,还嫌不足,又以笛声抒其情怀。在中国古诗中,笛声基本上都是幽怨悲哀的意象,这首诗中的“笛声”也不例外。“一笛酒人心”抒发的乃是“秋士”不遇的哀愁之心,而描写笛声在冰凉如水的月色中飘荡,仿佛笛声也浸透了清冷的月色,更增添了笛声凄怨的情韵。

        笛声感情虽然哀怨,但借园主人吹奏技巧却十分高超,故颈联一转云:“响遏碧云近,香传红藕深。”笛声嘹亮,仿佛阻遏了夜空中的碧云,同时水中飘来了红藕的幽香,与笛声交织往还,好像笛声也具有了香气。作者先闻“水上声”,既产生了感情的共鸣,又陶醉在音乐的享受之中,所以久久伫立,直到笛声结束,才想起要与友人相会。

        尾联云:“相逢清露下,流影湿衣襟。”此联乃回应首句,当作者在秋夜听完友人的一曲笛声之后,终于迎来了与“秋士”的相逢之时,但他们却久久的相对无语,身影沉浸在流泻的月光下,显得格外宁静;他们的衣襟被清凉的窗露沾湿了,犹如他们的心灵也被凄清的笛声净化了一般。友人的心声已在笛声中倾诉殆尽,作为知心朋友,作者对此已经领会和理解,无须多问,亦不必多言,两人心灵达到了高度的默契。诗的收束像不尽的笛声的余音一样,让人回味无穷。

        这首诗歌的主旨在于表现作者与李晴江作为知音的深厚友谊,诗中却无一语表达此意,只是写自己夜访友人听其“月下吹笛”时的景象与两人相逢时无言的情状,但自有一股感情之泉流注全篇,这也正体现了袁枚“凡作人贵直,而作诗文贵曲”(《随园夜话》)的诗论理念。

      简析

        《夜过借园见主人坐月下吹笛》是一首五言律诗。首联写在秋天的深夜,诗人踏着月色去拜访一位隐士,还未见面,就先听到了水上的乐音;颔联中月色与笛声相互辉映,营造出一种孤寂而又深邃的氛围;颈联使用通感和夸张的修辞手法,进一步衬托出秋夜的美丽与宁静;尾联写在清露中与友人相逢,彼此的身影在月光下交错流淌,露水打湿了他们的衣襟。此诗以秋夜访友为主线,描写诗人夜访友人听其吹笛的情景,表现出与李晴江的深厚友谊。

      袁枚

      袁枚(1716-1797)清代诗人、散文家。字子才,号简斋,晚年自号仓山居士、随园主人、随园老人。汉族,钱塘(今浙江杭州)人。乾隆四年进士,历任溧水、江宁等县知县,有政绩,四十岁即告归。在江宁小仓山下筑筑随园,吟咏其中。广收诗弟子,女弟子尤众。袁枚是乾嘉时期代表诗人之一,与赵翼、蒋士铨合称“乾隆三大家”。

       



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      145. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/template/contract/DriverInterface.php ( 0.86 KB )
      146. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/runtime/index/temp/b16ba22d0070970d5f2953d968a1f88f.php ( 67.57 KB )
      147. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/facade/Route.php ( 4.70 KB )
      148. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-multi-app/src/Url.php ( 7.52 KB )
      149. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/framework/src/think/route/Url.php ( 14.07 KB )
      150. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-trace/src/Html.php ( 4.42 KB )
      1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000815s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=www_caiziyue_com;charset=utf8
      2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_styles` [ RunTime:0.001464s ]
      3. SELECT * FROM `qing_styles` WHERE `etitle` = 'head' LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001673s ]
      4. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_site_styles` [ RunTime:0.001522s ]
      5. SELECT * FROM `qing_site_styles` WHERE `id` = 1 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000939s ]
      6. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_category` [ RunTime:0.001517s ]
      7. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 0 AND `catetype` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000901s ]
      8. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000920s ]
      9. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 77 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001450s ]
      10. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 89 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000863s ]
      11. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 95 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001011s ]
      12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002566s ]
      13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.001955s ]
      14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.000719s ]
      15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.001679s ]
      16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 19098 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000943s ]
      17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.001326s ]
      18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000918s ]
      19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 892 WHERE `id` = 19098 [ RunTime:0.003204s ]
      20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 79 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000889s ]
      21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000865s ]
      0.153795s