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      陈与义《襄邑道中》飞花两岸照船红 百里榆堤半日风
      发布日期:2024-11-20

       

      襄邑道中
      陈与义〔宋代〕


      飞花两岸照船红,百里榆堤半日风。
      卧看满天云不动,不知云与我俱东。


      《襄邑道中》是南宋诗人陈与义所作的一首诗。此诗通过对乘船东行,河两岸上原野落花缤纷,随风飞舞等景物的描述,表达了诗人这次远行,非常轻松畅快,心旷神怡。

      译文及注释

      译文


      两岸原野落花缤纷,将船只都映红,沿着长满榆树的大堤,半日工夫就到了百里以外的地方。
      躺卧在船上望着满天白云 ,它们好像都纹丝不动,却不知道云和我都在向东行前进。

      注释

      襄邑:今河南省睢(suī)县,在开封(北宋京城)东南150里,惠济河从境内通过。
      榆堤:栽满榆树的河堤。
      不知:不知道。
      俱东: 俱: 一起 指一起向东。

      创作背景

        这首诗作于公元1117年(政和七年),作者任满经襄邑入京时。

      赏析

        此诗通过对乘船东行,河两岸上原野落花缤纷,随风飞舞等景物的描述,表达了诗人这次远行,非常轻松畅快,心旷神怡。

        全诗写坐船行进于襄邑水路的情景。首句写两岸飞花,一望通红,把作者所坐的船都照红了。用“红”字形容“飞花”的颜色,这是“显色字”,诗中常用;但这里却用得很别致。花是“红”的,这是本色;船本不红,被花照“红”,这是染色。作者不说“飞花”红而说飞花“照船红”,于染色中见本色,则“两岸”与“船”,都被“红”光所笼罩。

        次句也写了颜色:“榆堤”,是长满榆树的堤岸;“飞花两岸”,表明是春末夏初季节,两岸榆树,自然是一派新绿。只说“榆堤”而绿色已暗寓其中,这叫“隐色字”。与首句配合,红绿映衬,色彩何等明丽!次句的重点还在写“风”。“百里”是说路长,“半日”是说时短,在明丽的景色中行进的小“船”只用“半日”时间就把“百里榆堤”抛在后面,表明那“风”是顺风。作者只用七个字既表现了绿榆夹岸的美景,又从路长与时短的对比中突出地赞美了一路顺风,而船中人的喜悦心情,也洋溢于字里行间。

        古人行船,最怕逆风。作者既遇顺风,便安心地“卧”在船上欣赏一路风光:看两岸,飞花、榆堤,不断后移;看天上的“云”,却并未随之而动。作者明知船行甚速,如果天上的“云”真的不动,那么在“卧看”之时就应像“榆堤”那样不断后移。于是,作者恍然大悟:原来天上的云和自己一样朝东方前进。

        作者坐小船赶路,最关心的是风向、风速。这首小诗,通篇都贯串一个“风”字。全诗以“飞花”领起,一开头便写“风”。如果没有“风”,“花”就不会“飞”。次句出“风”字,写既是顺风,风速又大。三、四两句,通过仰卧看云表现闲适心情,妙在通过看云的感受在第二句描写的基础上进一步验证了既遇顺风、风速又大,而作者的闲适之情,也得到了进一步的表现。应该看到,三、四两句也写“风”,如果不是既遇顺风、风速又大,那么天上的云便不会与船同步前进,移动得如此迅疾。以“卧看满天云不动”的错觉反衬“云与我俱东”的实际,获得了出人意外的艺术效果。

      简析

        《襄邑道中》是一首七言绝句。诗人此行是任开德府教授期满,入京待选,因此志得意满,心情舒畅,于是便写下了这首即景抒怀诗。 全诗写坐船行进于襄邑水路的情景。首句写两岸飞花,一望通红,把诗人所坐的船都照红了;次句也写了颜色,表明是春末夏初季节,两岸榆树,自然是一派新绿;三、四两句则通过仰卧看云表现其闲适心情。全诗语言清新明丽,富有哲思,极有艺术感染力。

      陈与义

      陈与义(1090-1138),字去非,号简斋,汉族,其先祖居京兆,自曾祖陈希亮迁居洛阳,故为宋代河南洛阳人(现在属河南)。他生于宋哲宗元祐五年(1090年),卒于南宋宋高宗绍兴八年(1138年)。北宋末,南宋初年的杰出诗人,同时也工于填词。其词存于今者虽仅十余首,却别具风格,尤近于苏东坡,语意超绝,笔力横空,疏朗明快,自然浑成,著有《简斋集》。

       



      有才子曰:陈与义《襄邑道中》飞花两岸照船红 百里榆堤半日风

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      3. SELECT * FROM `qing_styles` WHERE `etitle` = 'head' LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000971s ]
      4. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_site_styles` [ RunTime:0.001310s ]
      5. SELECT * FROM `qing_site_styles` WHERE `id` = 1 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000716s ]
      6. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_category` [ RunTime:0.001719s ]
      7. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 0 AND `catetype` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000803s ]
      8. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002061s ]
      9. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 77 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001165s ]
      10. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 89 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001219s ]
      11. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 95 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001139s ]
      12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000912s ]
      13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.001352s ]
      14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.000597s ]
      15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.001406s ]
      16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 19114 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000914s ]
      17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.001130s ]
      18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000796s ]
      19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 1019 WHERE `id` = 19114 [ RunTime:0.002756s ]
      20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 79 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000689s ]
      21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000771s ]
      0.145433s