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      晁补之《盐角儿·亳社观梅》香非在蕊 香非在萼 骨中香彻
      发布日期:2023-01-13

       

      盐角儿·亳社观梅
      晁补之 〔宋代〕


      开时似雪。谢时似雪。花中奇绝。香非在蕊,香非在萼,骨中香彻。

      占溪风,留溪月。堪羞损、山桃如血。直饶更、疏疏淡淡,终有一般情别。


      《盐角儿·亳社观梅》是北宋时期的作者晁补之的一首词。此词咏梅。上阕先赞梅之品格始终如一,再赞梅香彻骨。直是赋体,吐露无余。下阕赞梅之风姿,“占溪风,留溪月”勾勒出一幅溪月梅韵图。上片写梅花色香,用重句而略更数字,两联似对非对,遣词灵动。下片以山桃作比,更托出梅花高洁标格。词人亦寄托了自己的志趣和情操。

      名家点评

      冯煦《宋六十一家词选例言》:晁无咎为苏门四学士之一,所为诗余,无子瞻之高华,而沉咽则过之。

      张尔田《忍寒词序》:学东坡者,必自无咎始,再降则为叶石林,此北宋正轨也。

      《宋史·文苑传》:补之才气飘逸,嗜学不知倦,文意温润典缛,其凌丽奇卓,出于天成。

      译文及注释

      译文


      花开的时候象雪,凋谢的时候仍然像雪,在百花之中的确是绝无仅有。散发出来的清香不在花蕊,也不在花萼,而是从骨子里飘荡出来的,清香透彻。
      占尽了从小溪吹来的轻风,留住了小溪中的明月,使那红得似血的山桃花也羞惭得减损了自己的容颜。即使仍然花影稀疏清香淡淡,终究另有一种非其他媚俗之花可与之相比的情致。

      注释

      盐角儿:词牌名。王灼《碧鸡漫志》:“盐角儿,《嘉桔杂志》云:‘梅圣俞说,始教坊家人市盐,于纸角中得一曲谱,翻之,遂以名。’令双调《盐角儿》令是也。欧阳永叔尝制词。’
      亳(bó)社:指亳州(今安徽亳州)祭祀土地神的社庙。另义,亳社,即殷社。古时建国必先立社,殷建都亳,故称亳社,故址在今河南商丘。
      开时似雪:卢照邻《梅花落》:“雪处疑花满,花边似雪回。"
      谢时似雪:杜审言《大酶》:“梅花落处疑残雪,柳叶开时任好风。”
      花中奇绝:花中奇物而绝无仅有。
      骨中香彻:梅花的香气是从骨子里透出来的。彻,透。宋魏了翁《次韵苏和甫雨后观梅》:“疏影照人骚梦冷,清香彻骨醉痕锁。”
      堪羞损、山桃如血:可以使那红得似血的山桃花羞惭而减损自己的容颜。堪,可以,能够。损,煞。很的意思。
      直饶更、疏疏淡淡:即使枝叶花朵再疏淡。从然,即使。
      终有一般情别:终究另有一种情致(非其他媚俗之花可比)。


      赏析

        作者通过对梅花的色、香、形的描写,赞美梅花的骨中香彻与别有情致。

        上阙写梅花如雪的颜色与透骨的清香。“开时似雪,谢时似雪,花中奇绝”三句集中笔墨,用重复叠句而略更数字的方法极写梅花颜色的奇绝。突出了梅花颜色的与众不同。“香非在蕊,香非在萼,骨中香彻”三句与前三句运用了相同的表现手法,写出了梅花与众不同的另一个方面——香,告诉人们,梅花的清香不是从花蕊散发出来的,也不是从花萼散发出来的,而是从骨子里透出来的,突出描写了梅花的香彻透骨的特点。与“开时似雪,谢时似雪,花中奇绝”联系起来看,上下两联似对非对,遣词灵动,看似无意,实则工于运笔。

        下阙写以山桃作比衬,刻画梅花神韵和品格。“占溪风,留溪月,堪羞损、山桃如血”,运用对比的手法,以山桃花衬托梅花非凡的神韵。梅花非但独占了小溪的轻风和明月,还将那鲜艳无比的红红的山桃花羞怯惭愧得减损了几分颜色,可见梅花的气质和神韵的超凡脱俗。“直饶更、疏疏淡淡,终有一般情别”,写梅花的另一大特点,纵然枝叶花影稀疏,清香淡淡,最终还是别有一番媚俗之花所不能与之媲美的超凡情致,枝疏有疏落横斜篱落之韵,香淡有清香淡雅之美,这便是梅花高洁的品格。

        在这首咏梅词中,词人写的是梅花的非凡的神韵和高洁的品格,实际也是自己所向往的人格的写照,词人在梅花的高洁的品格中寄托了自己的志趣和情操。▲


      创作背景

        这首词作于宋哲宗绍圣二年,作者从齐州知州贬为亳州通判之际,是一首咏物之作。

       
      晁补之(公元1053年—公元1110年),字无咎,号归来子,汉族,济州巨野(今属山东巨野县)人,北宋时期著名文学家。为“苏门四学士”(另有北宋诗人黄庭坚、秦观、张耒)之一。曾任吏部员外郎、礼部郎中。 工书画,能诗词,善属文。与张耒并称“晁张”。其散文语言凝练、流畅,风格近柳宗元。诗学陶渊明。其词格调豪爽,语言清秀晓畅,近苏轼。但其诗词流露出浓厚的消极归隐思想。著有《鸡肋集》、《晁氏琴趣外篇》等。

       



      有才子曰:晁补之《盐角儿·亳社观梅》香非在蕊 香非在萼 骨中香彻

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      141. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-view/src/Think.php ( 8.38 KB )
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      143. /www/wwwroot/caiziyue/vendor/topthink/think-template/src/Template.php ( 46.61 KB )
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      1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.002988s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=www_caiziyue_com;charset=utf8
      2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_styles` [ RunTime:0.003262s ]
      3. SELECT * FROM `qing_styles` WHERE `etitle` = 'head' LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.007336s ]
      4. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_site_styles` [ RunTime:0.002104s ]
      5. SELECT * FROM `qing_site_styles` WHERE `id` = 1 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.002506s ]
      6. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_category` [ RunTime:0.003596s ]
      7. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 0 AND `catetype` = 0 [ RunTime:0.005480s ]
      8. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.004350s ]
      9. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 77 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.003909s ]
      10. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 89 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.004004s ]
      11. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 95 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.003707s ]
      12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001752s ]
      13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.002616s ]
      14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.001479s ]
      15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.002184s ]
      16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 663 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.002686s ]
      17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.003751s ]
      18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.002961s ]
      19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 2640 WHERE `id` = 663 [ RunTime:0.006245s ]
      20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 79 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001421s ]
      21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002847s ]
      0.537679s