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      于良史《春山夜月》掬水月在手 弄花香满衣
      发布日期:2023-04-20

       

      春山夜月
      于良史 〔唐代〕


      春山多胜事,赏玩夜忘归。
      掬水月在手,弄花香满衣。

      兴来无远近,欲去惜芳菲。
      南望鸣钟处,楼台深翠微。


      《春山夜月》是唐代诗人于良史的作品。此诗描写春夜山中赏月的乐趣,诗人描绘了一幅清幽淡远的春山夜月图,流露出一种悠然自得、纵情山水的畅快心情。开篇两句交代了全篇诗情产生的由头,写出了“多胜事”是“赏玩忘归”之因。接下来的六句是对“胜事”与“赏玩忘归”的具体描述。全诗风格清淡闲雅,描摹物态历历如绘,极富神韵,尤其是颔联两句,物我交融,神完气足,意境鲜明,妙趣横生,历来脍炙人口。

      名家点评

      《瀛奎律髓》:“掬水”、“弄花”一联,恐是偶然道着。先得一句,又凑一句,乃成全篇。于六句缓慢之中,安顿此联,亦作家也。

      《唐诗成法》:结亦有余味。二联俗中传诵已久,故录之。

      《瀛奎律髓汇评》:查慎行:三、四句法虽工,终属小巧。纪昀:五、六颇有新味,好于三、四。无名氏(甲):晚唐非无佳句,但看过杜诗,便觉纤细不足为耳。许印芳:小家诗多如此,其弊至于有句无联,有联无篇。大家则运以精思,行以浩气,分之则句句精妙,合之则一气浑成,有篇有句,斯为上乘。学者当以大家为法,此等不可效尤也。

      《唐诗合选详解》:“掬水”二句,逸兴幽情,结成妙想,成妙句。

      译文及注释

      译文


      春日山中景色美不胜收,直至夜幕降临后仍留恋不已,忘记归去。
      掬一捧泉水,泉水照见月影,好像那一轮明月在自己的手里一般;拨弄山花,馥郁之气溢满衣衫。
      游兴顿起,不会在乎路途的远近;想要离去,总难舍下花草的深情。
      翘首南望钟声悠扬之处,翠微深处,楼台掩映。

      注释

      春山:一作“春来”。
      掬(jū):双手捧起。《礼记·曲礼上》云:“受珠玉者以掬。”
      鸣钟:一作“钟鸣”。
      翠微:指山腰青翠幽深处,泛指青山。庾信《和宇文内史春日游山》诗云:“游客值春晖,金鞍上翠微。”▲


      赏析

        此诗描写春夜山中赏月的乐趣,诗人描绘了一幅清幽淡远的春山夜月图,流露出一种悠然自得、纵情山水的畅快心情。开篇两句交代了全篇诗情产生的由头,写出了“多胜事”是“赏玩忘归”之因。接下来的六句是对“胜事”与“赏玩忘归”的具体描述。全诗风格清淡闲雅,描摹物态历历如绘,极富神韵,尤其是颔联两句,物我交融,神完气足,意境鲜明,妙趣横生,历来脍炙人口。

        诗的开头二句点出:春天的山中有许多美好的事物,自己游春只顾迷恋玩赏,天黑了,竟然忘了归去。这两句,提纲挈领,统率全篇。以下六句,具体展开对“胜事”与“赏玩忘归”的描述。一、二句之间,有因果关系,“多胜事”是“赏玩忘归”的原因。而“胜事”又是全诗发脉的地方。从通篇着眼,如果不能在接着展开的三、四句中将“胜事”写得使人心向往之,那么,其余写“赏玩忘归”的笔墨,势将成为架空之论。

        在这吃紧处,诗人举重若轻,毫不费力地写道:“掬水月在手,弄花香满衣”。此处描写堪称恰到好处:

        第一,从结构上来看,“掬水”句承第二句的“夜”,“弄花”句承首句的“春”,笔笔紧扣,自然圆到。一、二句波纹初起,至这两句形成高潮,以下写赏玩忘归的五、六两句便是从这里荡开去的波纹。

        第二,这两句写山中胜事,物我交融,神完气足,人情物态,两面俱到。既见出水清夜静与月白花香,又从“掬水”“弄花”的动作中显出诗人的童心不灭与逸兴悠长。所写“胜事”虽然只有两件,却足以以少胜多,以一当十。

        第三,“掬水”句写泉水清澄明澈照见月影,将明月与泉水合而为一;“弄花”句写山花馥郁之气溢满衣衫,将花香衣香浑为一体。艺术形象虚实结合,字句安排上下对举,使人倍觉意境鲜明,妙趣横生。第四,精于炼字。“掬”字,“弄”字,既写景又写人,既写照又传神,确是神来之笔。

        诗人完全沉醉在山中月下的美景之中了。唯兴所适,根本不去计算路程的远近。而当要离开时,对眼前的一花一草不能不怀依依惜别的深情。这就是诗人在写出“胜事”的基础上,接着铺写的“兴来无远近,欲去惜芳菲”二句的诗意。这两句写赏玩忘归,“欲去”二字又为折入末两句南望楼台埋下伏笔。

        正当诗人在欲去未去之际,夜风送来了钟声。他翘首南望,只见远方的楼台隐现在一处青翠山色的深处。末两句从近处转向远方,以声音引出画面。展示的虽是远景,但仍然将春山月下特有的情景,用爱怜的笔触轮廓分明地勾勒了出来,并与一、二、三句点题的“春山”、“夜”、“月”正好遥相呼应。

        三、四两句是全诗精神所在的地方。这两句在篇中,如石韫玉,似水怀珠,照亮四围。全诗既精雕细琢,又出语天成,自具艺术特色。


      于良史 ,唐代诗人,肃宗至德年间曾任侍御史,德宗贞元年间,徐州节度使张建封辟为从事。其五言诗词语清丽超逸,讲究对仗,十分工整。

       



      有才子曰:于良史《春山夜月》掬水月在手 弄花香满衣

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      1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000798s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=www_caiziyue_com;charset=utf8
      2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_styles` [ RunTime:0.001083s ]
      3. SELECT * FROM `qing_styles` WHERE `etitle` = 'head' LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000945s ]
      4. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_site_styles` [ RunTime:0.001829s ]
      5. SELECT * FROM `qing_site_styles` WHERE `id` = 1 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000938s ]
      6. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_category` [ RunTime:0.001173s ]
      7. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 0 AND `catetype` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000971s ]
      8. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001052s ]
      9. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 77 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000895s ]
      10. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 89 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.002336s ]
      11. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 95 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001095s ]
      12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000987s ]
      13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.001483s ]
      14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.000716s ]
      15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.001355s ]
      16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 744 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001130s ]
      17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.001660s ]
      18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001022s ]
      19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 2826 WHERE `id` = 744 [ RunTime:0.002364s ]
      20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 79 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000769s ]
      21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.001002s ]
      0.159255s