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      望月怀远
      发布日期:2020-04-17
        《望月怀远》

        海上生明月,天涯共此时。

        情人怨遥夜,竟夕起相思。

        灭烛怜光满,披衣觉露滋。

        不堪盈手赠,还寝梦佳期。

        《望月怀远》注释

        ⑴首二句:辽阔无边的大海上升起一轮明月,使人想起了远在天涯海角的亲友,此时此刻也该是望着同一轮明月。谢庄《月赋》:“隔千里兮共明月”。

        ⑵情人:多情的人,指作者自己。遥夜:长夜。怨遥夜:因离别而幽怨失眠,以至抱怨夜长。竟夕:终宵,即一整夜。

        ⑶怜:爱。滋:湿润。怜光满:爱惜满屋的月光。这里的灭烛怜光满,很显然根据上下文,这应该是个月明的时候,应该在农历十五左右。此时月光敞亮,就是在现在今天,熄掉油灯仍然感受得到月光的霞美。当一个人静静的在屋子里面享受月光,就有种“怜”的感觉,这只是一种发自内心的感受而已,读诗读人,应该理解当时诗人的心理才能读懂诗词。光满自然就是月光照射充盈的样子,满描写了一个状态,应该是月光直射到屋内。

        ⑷末两句:月光虽可爱,却不能用手抓:送给远方的亲人,只好回屋睡觉,希望得个好梦。陆机《拟明月何皎皎》:“照之有余辉,揽之不盈手。”盈手:双手捧满之意。盈:满(指那种满荡荡的充盈的状态)。

        《望月怀远》的诗意/《望月怀远》的意思

        一轮明月从海上升起,这时,远在天边的亲人和我同样在望着月亮。多情的人怨恨夜太长了,在经过整整一夜后,思念之情变得更加强烈。熄灭了蜡烛,更觉得月色皎洁可爱,披衣走到屋外长久地望月,感到了深夜露水浸润的凉意。月光虽然可爱,却不能满满地捧在手里把它送给远方的亲人,倒不如回去睡觉,在梦中与亲人好好地相会。

        《望月怀远》赏析

        “海上生明月,天涯共此时”二句寄景抒情,虚实结合,出句写景,对句由景入情。诗人用朴实而自然的语言描绘出一幅画面:一轮皎月从东海那边冉冉升起,展现出一派无限广阔壮丽的动人景象。正因明月深奥莫窥,遥远难测,就自然而然地勾起了诗中人的不尽思念。他设想,遥隔天涯的远人.此时可能也在对月相思吧。诗中人不说自己望月思念对方,而是设想对方在望月思念自己。构思奇巧,含蕴有致,生动地反衬出诗寄托的深远。诗着一“生”字,极为生动,这同张若虚“海上明月同潮生”诗句中的“生”字,有着同工异曲之妙。“天涯共此时”句,是从谢庄《月赋》中“隔千里兮共明月”化出的。这两句,由海上、明月、天涯构成雄浑阔大的意境。望月是实景,怀远是设想,诗人巧妙地把写景和抒情融合起来。写出彼此共对皓月之境,又蕴含怀远之情,也留下联想和想象的空间。首联擒题,以下诸句便由此生发开去。

        “情人怨遥夜,竟夕起相思”二句,是说多情人怨恨着这漫漫的长夜,对月相思而彻夜不得入眠。这是对诗中人由想象而返回现实,由望月而转身就寝的矛盾心情的表述。这里写出多情人由怀远而苦思,由苦思而难眠,由难眠而怨长夜的种种连锁动作过程,也包含着有情人的主观感情色彩。这一声“怨遥夜”,包孕着多么深沉的感情!

        按律诗的要求,颔联应是工整的对偶,但此诗却采用流水对的格式,这固然说明唐代初期律诗尚无严格的要求,一定程度上仍保存着古诗的风貌,另方面此联采用流水对的形式,跟首联在内容上就显得更为密切,蝉联而下,自然流动,给人一种气韵纯厚之感。

        “灭烛怜光满,披衣觉露滋”二句,写诗中人因遥思远人,彻夜相思,灭烛之后,尤觉月华光满可爱,于是披衣步出室外,独自对月仰望凝思,不知过了多久,直到露水沾湿了衣裳方觉醒过来。这是一个因相思所苦的非痴即呆的形象。这一联貌似写赏月,实则寓写怀远幽思。月的清辉,最易引入相思,诗人神思飞跃,幻想月光能成为所思念之人的化身,身可与之相依为伴。诗人多想让这种幻想成为现实!所以“灭烛”,正是为了追随月光;“披衣”,则是为了同月华多停留些时刻,此中情景,甚有“此时相望不相闻,愿逐月华流照君”(张若虚《春江花月夜》) 之意。诗写出月光的可爱,也写出诗人寄意的深远。这联属对工整,顿挫有致。句中的“怜”和“觉”两个动词用得好,使诗中人对远人思念之情得到充分表达,这是一种因望月而怀人,又因怀人而望月的情景相生写法,它勾勒出一个烛暗月明,更深露重,人单思苦,望月怀远的幽清意境。

        “不堪盈手赠,还寝梦佳期”二句。写因思念远人不得相见,故面对月华情不自禁地产生把月赠送远人的想法。晋人陆机拟古诗《明月何皎皎》有“照之有余辉,揽之不盈手。”句,诗中的“不堪盈手赠”即由此化出。随之而来便产生寻梦之想。这是一种无可奈何的痴念。但借此更衬托出诗人思念远人的深挚感情,使诗的怀远更为具体、更有含蕴。诗便在这失望和希望的交集中戛然收住,读之尤觉韵味深长。

        《望月怀远》是月夜怀人之作,情深意永,细腻入微。全诗以“望”、“怀”着眼,把“月”和“远”作为抒情对象。所以诗中处处不离明月,句句不离怀远,把月写得那么柔情,把情写得那么沉着,把月写得美丽。望月念远,相思难眠,梦中相逢,都是人世间常有的情景,诗人娓娓道来,亲切感人。《增定评注唐诗正声》引郭云:“清浑不著,又不佻薄,较杜审言《望月》更有余味。”《唐诗刊选脉会通评林》云:“通篇全以骨力胜,即‘灭烛’、‘光满’四字,正是月之神。用一‘怜’字,便含下结意,可思不可言。”

        这首诗表现的情意是沉着缠绵而不见感伤,语言是自然浑成而不露痕迹。这种风格对以后的孟浩然、王维等诗人有着深远的影响。



      有才子曰:诗词赏析:望月怀远

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      1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000453s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=www_caiziyue_com;charset=utf8
      2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_styles` [ RunTime:0.000632s ]
      3. SELECT * FROM `qing_styles` WHERE `etitle` = 'head' LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000399s ]
      4. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_site_styles` [ RunTime:0.000417s ]
      5. SELECT * FROM `qing_site_styles` WHERE `id` = 1 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000299s ]
      6. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_category` [ RunTime:0.000450s ]
      7. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 0 AND `catetype` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000275s ]
      8. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000375s ]
      9. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 77 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000274s ]
      10. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 89 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000311s ]
      11. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 95 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000279s ]
      12. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 99 AND `status` = 1 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000421s ]
      13. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_nav` [ RunTime:0.000392s ]
      14. SELECT * FROM `qing_nav` WHERE `status` = 1 [ RunTime:0.000233s ]
      15. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_archives` [ RunTime:0.000453s ]
      16. SELECT * FROM `qing_archives` WHERE `id` = 8971 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000375s ]
      17. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `qing_user` [ RunTime:0.000415s ]
      18. SELECT * FROM `qing_user` WHERE `iuid` = 87 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000272s ]
      19. UPDATE `qing_archives` SET `click` = 171 WHERE `id` = 8971 [ RunTime:0.002435s ]
      20. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `id` = 80 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000259s ]
      21. SELECT * FROM `qing_category` WHERE `parent_id` = 76 ORDER BY `listorder` ASC [ RunTime:0.000264s ]
      0.090398s